![]() ![]() All of these side effects can result from inhibition of mitosis, which may include neuromuscular toxicity and rhabdomyolysis. High doses can also damage bone marrow, lead to anemia, and cause hair loss. Typical side effects of moderate doses may include gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, and neutropenia. Adverse effects ĭeaths – both accidental and intentional – have resulted from overdose of colchicine. Colchicine toxicity can be potentiated by the concomitant use of cholesterol-lowering drugs. The presentation includes a progressive onset of proximal weakness, elevated creatine kinase, and sensorimotor polyneuropathy. Cumulative toxicity is a high probability in this clinical setting, and a severe neuromyopathy may result. About 10–20% of a colchicine dose is excreted unchanged by the kidneys it is not removed by hemodialysis. Long-term ( prophylactic) regimens of oral colchicine are absolutely contraindicated in people with advanced kidney failure (including those on dialysis). Its clinical use may grow to include this indication. In people with recent myocardial infarction (recent heart attack), it has been found to reduce risk of future cardiovascular events. Potential applications for the anti-inflammatory effect of colchicine have been studied with regard to atherosclerosis and chronic coronary disease (e.g., stable ischemic heart disease). Ĭolchicine is effective for prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. It is also used in the treatment of familial Mediterranean fever, in which it reduces attacks and the long-term risk of amyloidosis. ![]() Research regarding the efficacy of colchicine in many of these diseases has not been performed. It is a component of therapy for several other conditions, including pericarditis, pulmonary fibrosis, biliary cirrhosis, various vasculitides, pseudogout, spondyloarthropathy, calcinosis, scleroderma, and amyloidosis. It appears to have limited effect in relapsing polychondritis, as it may only be useful for the treatment of chondritis and mild skin symptoms. Other conditions Ĭolchicine is also used as an anti-inflammatory agent for long-term treatment of Behçet's disease. A 2021 updated Cochrane review found that low-dose colchicine had benefits similar to NSAIDs. Subsequent doses may be needed if symptoms worsen. įor treating gout symptoms, colchicine is used orally with or without food, as symptoms first appear. In addition, there is preliminary evidence that daily colchicine (0.6 mg twice daily) may be effective as a long-term prophylaxis when used with allopurinol to reduce the risk of increased uric acid levels and acute gout flares, although adverse gastrointestinal effects may occur. ![]() At high doses, side effects (primarily diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting) limit its use, however may be effective against pain. This low dose may have a similar effectiveness to NSAIDS. Low doses appear to be well tolerated and may reduce gout symptoms and pain (1.2 mg in one hour, followed by 0.6 mg an hour later). Medical uses Gout Ĭolchicine is an alternative for those unable to tolerate NSAIDs when treating gout. This frequently results in larger, hardier, faster-growing, and in general more desirable plants than the normally diploid parents. Ĭolchicine is widely used in plant breeding for inducing polyploidy, where the number of chromosomes in plant cells are doubled. ![]() In 2020, it was the 241st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions. It was approved for medical use in the United States in 1961. Ĭolchicine, in the form of the autumn crocus ( Colchicum autumnale), has been used as early as 1500 BC to treat joint swelling. Colchicine works by decreasing inflammation via multiple mechanisms. Whether colchicine is safe for use during pregnancy is unclear, but its use during breastfeeding appears to be safe. Severe side effects may include pancytopenia (low blood cell counts) and rhabdomyolysis, and the medication can be deadly in overdose. Common side effects of colchicine include gastrointestinal upset, particularly at high doses. Ĭolchicine has a narrow therapeutic index, so overdosing is a significant risk. Other uses for colchicine include the management of pericarditis and familial Mediterranean fever. In gout, it is less preferred to NSAIDs or steroids. Colchicine is a medication used to treat gout and Behçet's disease. ![]()
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